Description
The African paradise-flycatcher (Terpsiphone viridis) is a striking bird in the monarch family, known for its long, elegant tail feathers and vibrant plumage. It’s found across sub-Saharan Africa, inhabiting a range that spans from Senegal and Ethiopia down to South Africa. This bird typically measures about 17-19 cm (6.7-7.5 in) in length, with males sporting a tail that can be up to twice their body length (the male’s tail is among the longest in relation to body size of any bird species).
The male has a glossy black head, while the back and tail is mostly chestnut. There are variations in the male’s plumage, particularly between subspecies, where some have white patches on their wings. There’s also a morph where the male is all white on its back and tail (and no chestnut coloration). Females look somewhat similar to males, but without the long tail and a more grey and less glossy head.
Diet & habitat
This species thrives in a variety of woodland habitats, including savannas and riverine forests. It is adaptable and can also be found in gardens and plantations. The African paradise-flycatcher feeds primarily on insects, which it catches in flight using its agile aerial maneuvers. Its diet includes flies, ants, beetles, and caterpillars, among other small invertebrates.
Nesting
Breeding season for African paradise-flycatcher varies depending on the region but generally occurs during the rainy season. The male displays his long tail feathers to attract a mate. Once paired, the couple engages in building a small, neat cup-shaped nest, often in a tree fork. The female lays 2-3 eggs, which are incubated for about 14-16 days. Both parents share the duties of incubation and feeding the chicks. The young fledge approximately 2 weeks after hatching and are cared for by both parents until they are independent.
Status
The wide range and relatively stable population of the African paradise-flycatcher mean it is not considered to be at immediate risk. However, habitat loss and fragmentation could pose future threats. It is listed as least concern on the IUCN Red List.
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