Description
The black-naped monarch (Hypothymis azurea) is a strikingly beautiful passerine bird commonly found in South and Southeast Asia. This species exhibits sexual dimorphism, where males are typically more vibrant than females. Males have a distinctive azure-blue plumage with a characteristic black nape and a narrow black band across the upper chest. Females, on the other hand, are duller, with a bluish-grey head, grey-brown back, and pale underparts. These birds measure around 16 cm (6 in) in length and weigh approximately 10-14 grams (0.35-0.49 oz). There are several subspecies with slight variations in plumage for both males and females.
Diet & habitat
The black-naped monarch inhabits a variety of forested environments, including tropical and subtropical broadleaf forests, secondary growth, and mangroves. It is often seen flitting through the lower and middle strata of the forest canopy, searching for insects. This bird primarily feeds on a wide range of insects, including beetles, caterpillars, and flies. It catches insects in mid-air, and also gleans insects from foliage.
Nesting
Breeding season for the black-naped monarch varies across its range but generally occurs between March and July. These birds are monogamous, forming strong pair bonds. The female constructs a small cup-shaped nest using fine fibers, spider webs, and other plant materials, often located on a low branch. Both parents are involved in incubating the eggs, which typically number two to three per clutch. Incubation lasts around 12-14 days, with both parents sharing feeding duties once the chicks hatch. The fledging period is relatively short, with young birds leaving the nest around 10-12 days after hatching.
Status
The black-naped monarch is listed as least concern on the IUCN Red List, indicating that it is not considered to be at immediate risk of extinction. However, habitat destruction, particularly deforestation, poses a significant threat to its population in certain areas. Conservation efforts are essential to preserve the habitats this species relies on.
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